Book, Authored
Bell, C. No Restraint: Disabled Children and Institutionalized Violence in America’s Schools. New York University Press (2026)
Bell, C. Suspended: Punishment, Violence, and the Failure of School Safety. Johns Hopkins University Press (2021)
Book, Chapter
Beichner, D., Craig, M.O. & Bell, C. (2021). Racialized mass incarceration in the U.S.A. as a form of macro victimization. In Varona, G. (Ed.) Macrovictimización, abuso de poder y victimología: Impactos intergeneracionales (pp. 327-363). Cizur Mayor, Spain: Aranzadi.
Bell, C. Special Yet Unequal: Race, Disability, and the Prison Pipeline for Black Youth in America. Racism By Another Name: Black Students, Overrepresentation, and the Carceral State of Special Education. Information Age Publishing (2021)
Journal Article
Krause, K., Bell, C., Jordan, B., Carman-McClanahan, M., McKinnon, I., Banks, ., & Verlenden, J. Report of Unfair Discipline at School and Associations with Health Risk Behaviors and Experiences —Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Center for Disease Control (2024): 69-80.
Bell, C. Resistance Pedagogy: Illuminating Marginalized Voices and Challenging Dominant Narratives. Protest (2023)
Bell, C., & Craig, M. Suspended, Restrained, and Secluded: Exploring the Relationship Between School Punishment, Disability, and Black and White Parents’ Health Outcomes. Children and Youth Service Review (2023)
Bell, C., Kinzel, A., & Akakpo, Y. Continuity of the “code”: A review of the subcultures and informal social norms in prisons, streets, and schools. Sociology Compass (2022)
Harm, A., & Bell, C. Teaching beyond the Textbook: Integrating Formerly Incarcerated Individuals into Criminal Justice Learning Environments. Journal of Criminal Justice Education (2021)
Magazine/Trade Publication
Bell, C. Seeking safety in a ‘code’: Black students share how failing school safety measures lead to escalating violence and victimization. Kappan (2022)
Newsletter
Bell, C. Poverty to PhD: An Insider Account on Structural Barriers That Affect Impoverished Students of Color. Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences Newsletter 4 (2018): 26-28.
Bell, C. Race & Policing: A Legacy of Exclusion, Profiling, and Oppression. Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences Newsletter (2017): 71-75.
Newspaper, Article
Bell, C. 1 in 10 teachers say they’ve been attacked by students. The Conversation (2022)
Bell, C. Black parents say their children are being suspended for petty reasons that force them to take off from work and sometimes lose their jobs. The Conversation (2021)
Bell, C. Teachers must often face student attacks alone. The Conversation (2021)
Bell, C. School suspensions don’t just unfairly penalize Black students – they lead to lower grades and ‘Black flight’. The Conversation (2020)
Bell, C. School suspensions don’t stop violence – they help students celebrate it. The Conversation (2019)
Technical Report
Stipp, K.F., Bell, C. & Avant, D.W. (2021). Listening to Middle School and High School Youth: Executive Summary.
Conceptualizing Receipt of Unfair School Discipline As Betrayal Trauma. Bridging the Gap: Health Justice and Exclusionary. University of California - San Francisco. (2025)
The Cost of Challenging School Seclusion and Restraint Practices for Black and White Families.. Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences. Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences. (2024)
How Does Seclusion and Restraint in K-12 Settings Affect Families of Children with Disabilities and Why Do Some Teachers Misuse These Approaches. American Society of Criminology Conference. (2023)
Continuity of the “Code”: Do the Inmate, Street, and School "Codes" Reinforce Each Other?. American Society of Criminology. (2022)
Suspended: Punishment, Violence, and the Failure of School Safety. American Society of Criminology. (2022)
Does the Code of the School Encourage Educator Targeted Violence. Society for the Study of Social Problems. (2021)
Revisiting The Code of the School in Primarily White High Schools. Midwest Sociological Society Conference. (2021)
They Just Want to Learn!!!! – The collision of school discipline and academic achievement. Black Doctoral Network. (2020)
Exploring Black Students' and Parents' Perceptions of School Safety Measures. Society for the Study of Social Problems. (2019)
School Discipline Reform. School Discipline and Mass Incarceration Reform. Kalamazoo College. (2019)
